It was an eventful year in the world of directors’ and officers’ liability in 2015. Many of the year’s key events significantly changed the D&O liability environment, while other developments during the year could alter the D&O insurance marketplace itself. Many of 2015’s developments have important implications for 2016 – and possibly for years to come. The list of the Top Ten D&O Stories of 2015 is set out below with an eye toward these future possibilities.
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U.S. Securities Class Action Lawsuit Filings in 2015 at Highest Level in Years
The number of securities class action lawsuits filed in 2015 rose to the highest annual level in several years. As detailed below, a number of factors contributed to the increase in securities class action lawsuit filings during the year, including in particular the number of lawsuits filed against IPO companies (owing to the fact that IPO activity has been up in recent years), as well as the elevated number of lawsuits against foreign-domiciled companies.
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Securities Litigation Filing Trends: Suits Against Foreign Companies Continue to Accrue
As we ease into the final two weeks of the year, it seems likely that just about all of the securities class action lawsuits that are going to be filed this year have already been filed. Sure, one or two more may slip in yet, so it is not quite time for the final analysis of the year’s filings. But with the year just about done, there are some trends that already seem clear. One is the increased numbers of IPO-related securities lawsuits, which I recently noted here. Another securities class action filing trend is the heightened level of securities suit filing activity involving non-U.S. companies. The number of securities suit filings against non-U.S. companies during the year was both above historical levels and disproportionately greater than the number of foreign companies whose shares are listed on U.S. exchanges.
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SEC Files Record Number of Independent Enforcement Actions in Fiscal 2015
According to the agency’s recently released enforcement activity statics, the SEC’s overall enforcement activity and the number of independent enforcement actions both increased in the fiscal year 2015 (which just ended on September 30) compared to prior years. More specifically, during fiscal 2015, the agency filed a record number of independent actions for violations of the federal securities laws. The agency’s enforcement statistics reflect a significant increase in the number of financial reporting and audit cases. The agency’s October 22, 2015 press release presenting its 2015 fiscal year enforcement statistics can be found here.
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Cornerstone Research Releases Midyear Securities Litigation Report
The number of federal securities class action lawsuit filings in the first half of 2015 was above the number of securities suits in the first half of 2014, although below long-term semiannual averages, according to the latest report from Cornerstone Research. The report, entitled “Securities Class Action Filings: 2015 Midyear Assessment,” can be found here. Cornerstone Research’s July 30, 2015 press release about the report can be found here. My own analysis of the first half securities class action lawsuit filings can be found here.
It is very important to note that while the Cornerstone Research study reports a decline in the absolute number of securities class action lawsuit filings, the rate of securities litigation relative to the number of U.S.-listed companies remains elevated compared to historical levels. As discussed below, though the absolute number of filings is down, the likelihood that any given U.S.-listed company will get hit with a securities lawsuit is actually up compared to long-term averages.
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Meanwhile, Back at the FDIC Failed Bank Litigation Ranch
As the global financial crisis has receded further into the past and as other issues have crowded to the top of the agenda, the remaining vestiges from the credit crisis have faded into the background. But though the peak of the crisis is now nearly seven years behind us, the crisis remnants continue to work their way through the legal system. In particular, a large part of the wave of failed bank litigation that the FDIC filed against the former directors and officers of many of the U.S. banks that have failed continues to grind on, as evidenced in the FDIC’s latest professional liability litigation update, which the agency posted on its website on July 28, 2015 (here).
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NERA Reports on Latest Wage and Hour Lawsuit Settlement Trends
One of the most significant areas of litigation in the employment practices liability arena has been the employee lawsuits seeking damages for employer violations of federal and state wage and hour laws. But while these kinds of lawsuits remain important, many of the trends in the settlements have shifted in the most recent years, according to a recent study from NERA Economic Consulting. The July 14, 2015 report, entitled “Trends in Wage and Hour Settlements: 2015 Update,” can be found here. NERA’s July 14, 2015 press release about the report can be found here.
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Advisen Report: Declining Corporate and Securities Litigation Filings Continued in Second Quarter, But Most Recent Quarterly Trend May be Upward
The recent annual trend toward declining numbers of corporate and securities lawsuit filings continued in the first half and second quarter of 2015, although second quarter activity did increase slightly compared to the prior quarter, according to a report from the insurance industry information firm, Advisen. If the increase in the second quarter numbers compared to the first were to continue for the remainder of the year, the number of new corporate and securities lawsuits during the year could see an annual increase for the first time in four years. The July 15, 2015 Advisen report, entitled “D&O Claims Trends: Q2 2015” can be found here.
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An Active First Half for Securities Class Action Litigation
The first half of 2015 was an active period for new securities class action lawsuit filings. The filings through the year’s first six months suggest we are on pace for the highest annual number of new filings since 2011. The heightened levels of lawsuits involving non-U.S. companies and IPO companies contributed to the uptick in securities suit filings in the year’s first half.
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Year-to-Date Securities Suit Filings Disproportionately Involve Non-U.S. Companies
Historically, non-U.S. companies listed on U.S. exchanges were sued in securities class action lawsuits less frequently than were listed U.S. companies. For several years now, according to NERA, non-U.S. firms have represented about 16% of all companies listed on the U.S. exchanges, but according to Cornerstone, for the period 1997-2013, the average percentage